https://reddit.com/link/1w2s9s1/video/kh9h4go7mkmh1/player

Hi everyone! A friend and I recently started developing our own Web 3D engine. If anyone is interested—or has any ideas regarding the project—I’d be happy to hear any suggestions.

A gripe I have with many game developers is that many people think that ps1/ps2 styled games are just pixelation + low res textures, but I always feel like misrepresents things. Environment artists at the time put so much effort into their textures, often hand painting creases, folds, wrinkles, and even environment lighting into the diffuse channel to bring out details.

So when people try to make this style today, it just seems so inaccurate to me. Baked lighting, realtime shadows etc are often used. My goal with this project is to use none of that. All of my textures are either hand painted fully or photobashed and then painted on top of. My hero asset is 2000 tris, and I'm tying to keep scenes under 30000 total.

Stencil shadows are used for realtime casting and times of day are baked into different profiles and then blended together for faked GI. No specular, metallic, roughness, or any advanced workflow is used. AO is faked with vertex colors.

What do you think? Does it look somewhat more accurate?

I’ve published a theoretical architecture for reducing compute in DLSS-class neural rendering by changing the unit of work from pixels × frames to new causal appearance states.

The core idea is AxiomCapsule: use a large neural renderer mainly as an appearance compiler, then cache/transport compact deterministic programs for recurring material, lighting, object, and view states.

The parts I think are most interesting:

• Self-extinguishing inference: once a state is covered, the universal neural model no longer needs to run for it.
• Causal invalidation: engine-known changes decide what must be recomputed instead of running a neural change detector over the whole frame.
• Bounded residual trees: skipped refinement can have a computable sparse-vs-dense student error bound.
• Deadline-monotone execution: optional neural uplift scales down with available GPU slack instead of causing a frame-time cliff.
• Object/material-space persistence: state follows surfaces/materials rather than being purely screen-space.
• Local causal dimensionality: the key hypothesis is that appearance transformations become low-dimensional after conditioning on known scene variables.

It’s pre-prototype research, not a claim that DLSS 5 has been “solved.” The main falsifier is simple: if real game appearance states are not sufficiently low-dimensional/reusable, or cache hit rates stay low, the architecture fails.

I’d especially appreciate criticism from people working on real-time rendering, shader systems, neural graphics, temporal reconstruction, and GPU scheduling.

GitHub: MaciejNowickiHusbandofAHIEve/causal-neural-rendering: Independent research on drastically reducing compute in DLSS-class neural rendering using compiled causal appearance programs, temporal reuse, and deadline-bounded residuals.
Zenodo paper: Causal Neural Rendering for Efficient DLSS-Class Systems: Compiled Appearance Programs, Temporal Reuse, and Bounded Adaptive Computation | Zenodo

Hi, I am fairly a beginner, and I was wondering comparing from 2013 how far rockstar's RAGE engine evolved as to now?..

From what I know and some research credits to this blog:
https://www.adriancourreges.com/blog/2015/11/02/gta-v-graphics-study/
, at time of Gta 5 it had just a Hybrid deferred renderer, a forward pass for transparents, vegetation, particles. At the time there was no PBR, there was also no indirect light.

But later in 2018 during RDR2 release, RAGE got proper microfacet shading, volumetric clouds and fog.

The main selling point for gta 6 to look so good from what I understand is the hybrid raytracer global illumination, paired with raytraced reflections, also being upscaled from 1440p to 4k on the base Ps5.

From my understanding these are the differences over the years?

I am just wondering what type of tech they used for the extended look on the base 5 to look that good and crisp, even comparing to Unreal Engine 5, it looks far better

This seems to have largely fallen under the radar so far but the upcoming macOS 27 release comes with a new CLI tool called gpudebug that lets you replay and extract information from .gputrace files exported from Xcode: https://developer.apple.com/documentation/xcode/debugging-with-interactive-command-line-tools

I’ve been playing with it in the beta and it’s extremely useful for building scripts and analysis tools. It’s dramatically better than having to manually click through Xcode to extract the debugging and performance info when I am experimenting and optimizing. If you have the beta installed it’s worth playing with.

Rendering into my VST3 plugin's DAW-hosted child window, using a custom win32 + D3D11 implementation and a sokol_gfx.h layer on top (from Sokol) for making specific rendering platform agnostic.

I have some ideas on what to try here, will post more!

I've spent the last 15 months building and optimizing a game engine with a Vertex / Fragment shader. It's pretty well optimized, hard to quantify but I've hit 90fps on standalone Quest 3 with it, so it's not a complete cow.

I wanted to do some ray traced audio stuff so I looked into ray tracing through Vulkan. As a stress test I was like "I wonder if I shoot a ray through every pixel what types of times I'd get."

I expected my Vertex/Fragment shader to win by 10x. It didn't. It won, but by more like 2x. And as I've added optimizations the past 48 hours it's closer to 1:1 in terms of cost (and I expect ray tracing to pull ahead with foveated rendering for my VR work & after I optimize further). Granted this is on my desktop 4090 and laptop 3070 but...

What are your takes on this? I feel like I failed to do my homework here as I really didn't expect this.

this seems the best place to ask. Having more control over console output is interesting. Any clue how this is achieved on video feed/files.

I got my triangle going! Yeah! Just wanted to share because holy shit that took way too many LoC. I am unfortunately not a virigin anymore over 30, but I think this should get me my entry ticket into the dark arts of low-level graphics programming and make me a wizard.

But now I am happy I did it and already seeing how it was the right choice for my procedurally generated game compared to OpenGL/CL.

Stippling images with small dots for rendering, ray tracing, tree and object placements, or just for the art of it is not a new topic. I really like the Gaussian Blue Noise method from Ahmed et al. because of its strong visual effect (no pixels or artifacts), but the exact GBN method is a heavy processing algorithm and thus quite slow compared to light stippling frameworks like Floyd–Steinberg dithering.

So I tried to speed up Gaussian Blue Noise with fast but robust approximations and make it available as a Python package. Feel free to run this Colab notebook with your own image and tell me if the processing time (~1 minute per image) feels worth it or not! Colab Link

Ciao! Sono un grande fan di "The Suffering" e sto sperimentando con il NVIDIA RTX Remix Runtime sul mio PC (con una AMD RX 7800 XT).

Il runtime si integra perfettamente nel gioco tramite Vulkan, ma poiché non c'è ancora una configurazione dedicata per la mod, il gioco appare completamente rotto: mancano sorgenti di luce adeguate, gli asset non hanno proprietà materiali (tutto sembra plastica lucida) e problemi di culling/rendering fanno glitchare i muri.

Qualcuno nella comunità sta attualmente lavorando su una mod dedicata RTX Remix per questo gioco? O c'è interesse a creare un progetto Toolkit adeguato per mappare manualmente le luci del carcere, risolvere i bug di rendering e dare a questo classico horror il vero aggiornamento del Path Tracing che merita?

Mi piacerebbe testare eventuali build o configurazioni preliminari se qualcuno ci sta lavorando!

I want to draw 2D rectangles of different sizes and coordinates each frame. I know I can draw each rectangle with 4 pairs of integers in the vertex buffer and 6 indices in the index buffer like so:

• Vertex buffer: {Left,Top}, {Right,Top}, {Left,Bottom}, {Right,Bottom}, ...
• Index buffer: {0,1,2}, {2,1,3}, ...

But I find this a little wasteful, because there's only really 4 * 4 = 16 bytes of data for each rectangle, but I end up using 8 * 4 + 6 * 2 = 44 bytes (more if additional attributes like colors are associated with each vertex). Ideally I'd have a single buffer that contains just the 4 sides of each rectangle.

It seems I can do this with SV_VertexID: I'll set a StructuredBuffer instead of a vertex or index buffer, and call Draw( RectCount * 6, 0 ). Then in the vertex shader I can fetch the rectangle coordinates with SV_VertexID / 6. The problem is SV_VertexID starts at zero for each Draw(), regardless of StartVertexLocation, so I can't use it for e.g. Draw( 6, 6 )! I'll have to pass that information in a constant buffer and update it prior to each Draw(), which is a little annoying.

Is there a better way? Gemini suggests I use instancing ("The Cleanest & Most Standard Way"). Here's an excerpt:

If your rectangles are arbitrary in size and location, Instanced Rendering is typically the production standard.

1. The Static Asset: You create a tiny vertex buffer containing a single unit square (4 vertices: {0,0}, {1,0}, {0,1}, {1,1}) and a tiny static index buffer of 6 indices ({0,1,2, 1,3,2}). This index buffer never changes and uses virtually zero memory.

2. The Instance Data: Your second vertex buffer contains the arbitrary data for each rectangle (e.g., float4 rectBounds or position + scale). This buffer updates every frame.

3. The Draw Call: You call ID3D11DeviceContext::DrawIndexedInstanced(6, numRectangles, 0, 0, 0).

Why it fits: The GPU automatically draws that exact same 1-unit square numRectangles times, pulling a different position/size for each instance via SV_InstanceID. You completely avoid a massive dynamic vertex/index buffer while letting hardware handle the assembly.

but I can't tell if it's making things up.

So, as the title says :D. This took me 4 months of work. It's a HWSS path tracer using OptiX for traversal. I initially used NeuxsBVH (H-PLOC), but then switched over due to speeds on volumetrics. I used Jakob & Hankia sampling for RGB to Spectral.

The above scene was rendered at 1080p with 1024spp, and RR kill-off at 12 bounces.

This was a genuinely fun to build as a hobby project, what else shd I add to this?

There's a paper on flouresence Rendering by Wilkie, Fichet and Mojzik which I'm thinking of implementing. Any suggestions would help!

Edit: Its 32 bounces + 12 bounce RR fall-off

The shadergraph in Unity is spanning a wide territory at this point.

How it's made is two planes, they both have the same shader but the materials are tuned differently so that the back one is slightly higher than the front one, this creates a gap where the surface and foam render.

Both have a configurable shallowColor and depthColor, these apply based on height and a configurable ramp that defines how and where the transition happens.

The back plane renders opaque with a color similar to the sun/sky.
The front plane renders with its shallowColor blue but 80% transparent and its depthColor is fully opaque and sea blue.

This is how I try to fake light absorption with two planes.

Both have wave displacement with 3 different wave generators + a caustics generator and they are tuned with slightly different parameters so that they complement each other (slightly different patterns and colors).

The sun is also fully shader rendered but I did not update it this time.

I open this post because i couldn't find someone talking about it. I find lumen's cloudy day look more pleasing and realistic. It just looks next gen. Why we don't have much more better lightning in a precomputed scenario. Why baked lighting looks old.

Hi! With v1.3.0 out of the oven, I just wanted to share it again, as many things have changed for the best, and I have addressed most of the feedback I got last time (well there was not much and 0.5 rounds up to 1, so technically).

https://github.com/KaruroChori/kd3

kd3 provides:

• header-only tree builder and query tools to perform k-NN searches and ray-tracing.
• a C compatibility layer for those not using C++ (but performance might be affected a bit).
• a tool/library component to generate GLSL code for any specific tree layouts at runtime (or not, you can pre-generate those and #embed them in source)
• a memory layout designed to be SIMD friendly
• close performance with nanoflann in worst case scenarios, but generally over twice its baseline
• a half decent benchmarking suite, covering both synthetic and real datasets.

What it does purposefully not provide are:

• mutable trees (values can mutate, but not the spatial keys)
• the same level of flexibility you will find in something like nanoflann, but it got significantly more coverage since last time
• cookies, those are all mine

Neither the tree builder nor the query functions require memory allocations at runtime, and they are guaranteed to run within a fixed stack size.
The same tree structures built and queried on CPU, can be quickly offloaded onto GPU without changes, and trivially serialized/de-serialized from disk. There are no pointers!
As it does not use exceptions nor runtime features of C++, it can be easily integrated on embedded devices (there is a utility header managing storage dynamically via std::vector, but that it fully optional and does not gate-keep any functionality of the library).

By the way, if you were able to run the benchmarks in the repo on some apple device I would be very grateful and happy to add them alongside the rest! Sadly I don't have the hardware to validate it myself, but I assume it should work 👀 .

As for the video above, it is a dumb ray-marcher using 1-NN queries on a kd-tree to render the scene, either on CPU or GPU. The rendering strategy by itself is very inefficient, but that is besides the point 😄

The dataset shown is the a 5 million LiDAR cloud point of the area surrounding the Autzen Stadium.