I’m Korean and have an older Korean friend who moved from Korea to Sydney at 9. He’s 27 now, basically hasn’t been back since, grew up here without his parents and says English is more comfortable for him. But after knowing him for over 5 years, I’ve never once felt like I’m talking to someone who grew up overseas.
He did almost all of his schooling after age 9 in Australia, went to uni here and works here now. His parents stayed in Korea and his grandmother looked after him to some extent, so he didn’t even grow up with Korean speaking parents constantly using Korean at home.
His English is completely native and most of what he’s learned academically and professionally is in English. I’ve also seen him around his English speaking friends plenty of times, so I know that side of him well.
But with me, we basically only speak Korean.
I don’t mean this as a purity test or that diaspora Asians are somehow less Asian. I’m talking about the small linguistic and social differences you often notice when someone grows up in places like Australia, the US, Canada or the UK.
I’m 21 and came to Australia at around 15-16, did Year 10 to Year 12 here and I’m now finishing my third year of uni before moving back to Korea after graduating. I’ve lived here long enough to meet a lot of Koreans and other Asians who grew up overseas, so I’m pretty familiar with the differences you usually notice.
My English wasn’t as good when we first met, so Korean probably became our default early on, but my English is completely fine now and he knows that. We could easily speak English if we wanted to, but we still almost never switch.
The only recent time we spoke a noticeable amount of English was while drinking with his girlfriend and a non-Korean coworker, so everyone was speaking English. I was pretty drunk and ended up speaking some English to him, and he did the same lol. Even then it felt unusual because that’s just not how we normally talk.
His Korean was already very natural when I met him around 2020. He later dated a Korean girl and his current girlfriend is Korean too, and he says his Korean improved a lot through that.
I once jokingly told him it was impressive that he basically never got “gyopo-fied” despite moving here at 9, by which I meant he never developed the kind of Korean diaspora linguistic or cultural vibe I usually notice in people who grew up abroad. He just laughed and said something along the lines of how some people end up not even knowing their own country’s culture. What stood out to me was how casually he said it, like he didn’t see his own situation as anything unusual.
I’ve seen very different outcomes at similar ages too. I knew a Korean guy who moved here at around 11-12 and by high school English was already his dominant language and his Korean was noticeably awkward. I also knew a Chinese guy who moved here at 9 whose Mandarin sounded mainland native and who never really gave me the typical Chinese diaspora vibe either, but he said culturally he felt like he was basically stuck at age 9 when it came to China.
So for other 1.5-gen Asians who moved around 8-12, how much variation have you seen?
Do some people basically retain their original linguistic and social framework while becoming fully native in English too, while others become much more diaspora-coded within only a few years?