r/neuroscience • u/carberry-3000 • 22d ago

Publication Multiple Nested Distributed Language Networks in the Human Brain — Du et al.

https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.08.07.743553v1
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u/carberry-3000 22d ago

Du, J., Billot, A., Sun, W., Hickok, G., Eldaief, M. C., Buckner, R. L.

neuroscience · posted 2026-08-08 · doi:10.64898/2026.08.07.743553

Abstract

Brain regions specialized for language have been extensively described, yet their arrangement into one or multiple networks remains debated. Using precision functional mapping across three independent cohorts of intensively scanned individuals (22 individuals scanned over 216 separate MRI sessions), we dissociated two nested left-lateralized perisylvian networks: an intermediate language network (intLANG) and an anatomically distinct association language network (aLANG). intLANG is anchored to precentral speech areas and the Sylvian parietal-temporal area (Spt), whereas aLANG surrounds intLANG and extends into higher-order prefrontal and temporal association cortices. The two networks can be fully recapitulated by functional connectivity from adjacent cerebellar regions, indicating that they are segregated, brain-wide networks. Task-based analyses further reveal that intLANG and aLANG are functionally distinct: intLANG responds robustly during rhyme judgments and nonword reading that emphasize phonology, whereas aLANG is preferentially recruited during meaning-based sentence processing. These findings indicate that human language engages nested distributed networks each specialized for distinct components of language processing: a lower-order network biased toward phonology, and a surrounding association network that subserves higher-order syntax and semantics. This nested organization is similar to other brain systems suggesting a shared hierarchical motif that may give rise to specialized cognitive functions across the human brain.

Discussion on Bluesky:

  • Jingnan Du (@jingnandu.bsky.social) — 39 likes, 17 reposts, 2 replies, 6 quotes > 📣 New preprint: Multiple Nested Distributed Language Networks in the Human Brain.
  • Cedric Boeckx (@cedricboeckx.bsky.social) — 24 likes, 15 reposts, 1 reply > Great preprint by @jingnandu.bsky.social @annebillot.bsky.social @wendysun23.bsky.social @gregoryhickok.bsky.social & Randy Buckner, showing that human language engages nested…

This preprint has not been peer reviewed.

Data from bioRxiv/medRxiv, Bluesky. Metrics captured 10/08/26. Comment self-deletes at -5 votes.

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u/CognitionMass 22d ago

It could be useful going forward to be able to isolate and image on are or the other depending on off your experiment is testing more syntax variables or phonology variables.