Bhattiprolu script and Pallava script provided origin for lot of scripts .

Original video by KTDF Live show On youtube.

afaik, Tamil and the majority of Dravidian languages, except malayalam, add honorifics for respect. For example, "appa vanthaanga", "amma ponaanga", etc. In kanyakumari tamil, at least afaik, this respect is dropped when referring to a more respected person in third person. For example, "paati dosa chuttaanga" (Grandma made dosa) becomes "paati dosa chuttu(thu)" and "appa paisa thanthaanga" becomes "appa paisa thanthu" and so on. Is this unique to kanyakumari tamil or is it just the effect of malayalam being next door? how is it like in other dialects of tamil?

The historical development of Tamil verbal morphology is outstandingly complex as it reflects several stages of development spanning several centuries (ca. 300 BCE-600 CE). Previous work on early Tamil, within the framework of historical linguistics, has made it clear that in the initial stage: 1) the bare stems without many morphological elements were used in different syntactic functions; 2) there was no categorial distinction between noun and verb; 3) the same inflexional material was used to encode various morphosyntactic functions; 4) the Tamil Finite Verb structure with fully developed pronominal suffixes is a later development; etc. (Bloch 1946, Caldwell 1856, Meenakshisundaran 1965, Rajam 1992, Renganathan 2013, Vinson 1878). The ceyyum pattern as finite verb (see Tolkāppiyam, Naṉṉūḷ, etc. and the commentators on these texts) is one such earlier form that stands as evidence for the complex relation between morphology and syntax. In this paper, I try to examine the verbal morphology from hero-stone inscriptions dating from 500-650 CE. In this corpus, 27 stems occur in different morphological configurations, fulfilling different syntactic or grammatical functions. These forms consist of bare stems, personal (finite) forms and non-finite forms, which function as predicates, determinants, adverbial participles, participial nouns, etc. I try to analyse this type of flexible categorial features in terms of morphological and lexical polyfunctionality (Pilot-Raichoor 2012). The data from hero-stone inscriptions contain several layers of morphological lexical developments that stretch from the earliest till the modern periods and add more information on the historical development of Tamil and Dravidian verb morphology.

Appasamy Murugaiyan. Verbal Morphology and Polyfunctionality in Old Tamil: Evidence from Hero-stone Inscriptions (ca. 500-650 CE). Muthamizh Arignar Kalaignar Centenary international seminar on Ancient Tamil Nadu, Department of Archaeology, Government of Tamilnadu, Dec 2023, Chennai (Tamilnadu), India. pp.95-107. ⟨hal-04627803⟩

Describing and understanding an ancient language like Inscriptional Tamil is an enormous challenge in many ways. The most trivial among the difficulties is the relation between the text (form) and meaning. Since the 19th century, there has been a regular paradigm shift in linguistic theory and in the study of languages (from philology to structuralism, generative, functional, etc.). This paradigm shift has provided us with a handful of analytical tools, enabling us to view the discourse (written and spoken) from a new perspective; it has also shown us that texts are more than strings of sentences. These developments, among other things, have put greater emphasis on the social, cognitive, communicative and cultural aspects of language. In this paper, we try to examine the interaction between text architecture, information structure and linguistic devices used. We formulate some hypotheses on the relationship between pragmatics, semantic content (meaning) and structure (syntax), which is crucial in interpreting and extracting information from epigraphic texts. The analysis presented here is based exclusively on a corpus of naṭukal “Hero stone” inscriptions dating between 400 and 650 CE.

"Shortugai (Shortughai), in Darqad District of northern Afghanistan, was a trading colony of the Indus Valley Civilisation (or Harappan Civilisation) established around 2000 BC on the Oxus river (Amu Darya) near the lapis lazuli mines, which serves as the physical, international border line between Afghanistan and Tajikistan"

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shortugai